Pamene nkhondo ikukhala yosawerengeka, anthu wamba ndi ena omwe si ankhondo amakhala ochulukirapo mwa ovulala, komanso kuwonongeka kwa katundu kosayembekezereka.Asilikali, ndithudi, akuyembekeza kupeŵa mitundu iyi ya ovulala ndi chiwonongeko.Ndi matekinoloje opita patsogolo omwe amathandizira kulondola kwambiri kuchokera ku zida zawo, amafunikiranso luso lolozera komanso kulunjika, pomwe amakhalabe obisika.Matekinoloje owongolera omwe amalola kuti azitha kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira patali atatalikirana ndi omwe adapanga nawonso akufunika.Mwachitsanzo, ma lasers ndiabwino poloza molondola, koma ndikofunikira kuti ena athe kuwoneranso mobisa.
Kuti athane ndi zovuta izi, asitikali atumiza ma lasers omwe amawalola kuti asamangotchula chandamale chomwe zida ziyenera kugunda, koma kugwiritsa ntchito ma laser omwewo kuyeza mtunda wofikira, kuunikira malo ozungulira, kapena kulozera ena china chake. za chidwi.Kuwona komwe ma laser akulozera, kutsatira zomwe zikuyenda, ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chikole kumafuna makina ojambulira omwe amawona ma lasers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda.Makamera am'chipinda cha indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) amapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mwayiwu masana kapena usiku.
Zida zambiri zotsogozedwa ndi laser zimayendetsedwa ndi ma laser okhala ndi kutalika kwa 1.06 μm.Ma laser amenewa ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo amatha kuloza zinthu zomwe zili kutali kwambiri.Mtundawu umachepa makamaka chifukwa chakuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo angaone molondola zomwe akufuna.Izi zikuphatikiza malo a laser, chandamale, ndi zinthu zozungulira chandamale.Pakadali pano, makina ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito indium antimonide (InSb) detector array kuti awonetse malowo.Machitidwe a InSb awa amachepetsedwa kuti alole kuyankha ku 1.0 μm laser wavelength, yomwe ili pansi kwambiri ya InSb peak peak sensitivity range (pakati pa 3 ndi 5 μm).Mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chowunikira chapakati pa wave IR thermal detector.
Makamera a InSb amalola kuti ma laser a infrared awoneke ndipo amapereka chidziwitso chazomwe zikuchitika pafupi ndi malo a laser chifukwa cha kutentha komwe kumachitika.Choyipa cha machitidwewa ndikuti chowunikira chimafunikira kuziziritsa kwakukulu (mpaka 77K) ndipo kukhudzidwa kwawo kwa 1.06-μm lasers kumakhala koyipa, chifukwa cha 70% ndi kutentha kwachipinda.Amathandizira kujambula mawanga a laser pamtunda wokulirapo wokhala ndi makina opepuka kwambiri.
CHITHUNZI1
Ma laser samangogwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera zida zankhondo kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna, komanso amatha kupatsa womenya nkhondoyo chidziwitso pazomwe akufuna komanso madera ake.Zopeza zamtundu wa laser zimalola wogwiritsa ntchito kudziwa mtunda wopita komwe akufuna.Ma lasers awa tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito kutalika kwa 1.5-μm.Kutalika kwa mafunde amenewa kumaonedwa kuti ndi "otetezeka m'maso" chifukwa mphamvu simayang'ana pa retina ya diso, ndipo mphamvu ya kuwala yomwe imafunika kuti munthu achite khungu munthu amene wagwidwa ndi laser ndiyokwera kwambiri.Ma lasers awa sawoneka ndi magalasi owonera usiku (NVGs) komanso ndi maso, motero amawapangitsa kukhala obisika.Ubwino wake ndikuti chandamale sichikudziwa kuti akuwonetsedwa ndi laser;Choyipa chake ndi chakuti womenya nkhondoyo amavutikanso kudziwa ngati akulunjika bwino pa chandamale.Chifukwa InGaAs imakhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi ma lasers otetezedwa ndi maso, makamera a SWIR imaging InGaAs akutumizidwa kuti omenyera nkhondo athe kutsimikizira kuti njira yawo yolondolera idakali yosawona bwino, ngakhale makinawo atsekeredwa m'munda.
Laser yodziwika kwambiri pabwalo lankhondo ndi yomwe imamangiriridwa kumfuti ya msilikali, ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito kutalika kwa mafunde pafupifupi 850 nm.Laser pointer iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asitikali kulozerana chandamale, komanso kuthandizira kuloza mfuti zawo usiku atavala ma NVG.Ma lasers awa sawoneka kwa anthu, koma amawonekera ndi magalasi.Ma lasers amfuti si otetezeka m'maso ndipo amatha kuzindikirika pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje amitundu yambiri, akale ndi atsopano.Vuto lalikulu ndilakuti ngakhale wankhondo amafunikira ma NVG abwino kwambiri kuti awonenso nthawi zamdima usiku, mdani amatha kuzindikira mosavuta ma lasers ndiukadaulo wakale komanso wotchipa wowonera usiku.Ojambula a InGaAs ali ndi mwayi wapadera wokhala onse obwerera m'mbuyo, monga momwe amawonera ma laser akale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi NVGs, kuphatikizapo amatha kujambula "otetezedwa ndi maso" ndi makina a laser a m'badwo wotsatira.
Kamera imodzi ya SWIR yomwe idapangidwira makamaka US Army's Soldier Mobility and Rifle Targeting System, SUI's KTX Camera imakhala ndi chidwi kwambiri mu 900 mpaka 1700 nm wavelength range ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyerekeza yopepuka yotsika, kuphatikiza laser. kuzindikira.Ndi zithunzi zamitundumitundu zowoneka bwino pakuwunikira pang'ono kwa nyenyezi kuti ziwongolere kuwunikira kwadzuwa, chojambula cha SWIR ndichabwino kuti chiziwunikidwa mobisa ndipo chitha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi ma UAV, magalimoto osayendetsedwa pansi, kapena zida zina za robotic kapena zogwira m'manja komwe kukula ndi kulemera ndikofunikira.
M'makina oyerekeza a m'badwo wotsatira, ma laser samangodziwa mtunda wa chandamale, mwachitsanzo, zopeza zamtundu wa laser, koma amalola zithunzi zazitali kudzera mumtambo wobisika, chifunga, ndi fumbi.LADAR ndi kujambula kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumagwiritsa ntchito laser kuti aunikire chandamale patali.Mtunda wautali woyimilirawu umalola womenya nkhondo kuti azindikire zomwe akufuna kuzitsata pamtunda wautali pansi pa kuwala kulikonse komanso kudzera mu chifunga ndi utsi.
Machitidwe ambiri omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito ma lasers a 1.5-μm chifukwa cha chitetezo cha maso komanso chifukwa amabisalanso zamakono zamakono za NVG, zomwe zafalikira m'manja mwa adani.Ambiri mwa machitidwe am'badwo wotsatirawa akupangidwa ndi ma InGaAs a kutentha kwa chipinda kuti asunge kulemera, mphamvu, ndi kukula pa dongosolo.Zomwe zikuchitikazi zimaphatikizana ndi zowunikira kwambiri za InGaAs-SWIR, zomwe zimapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino okhala ndi zotetezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto komanso osalakwa.
Nkhaniyi inalembedwa ndi Dr. Martin H. Ettenberg, Mtsogoleri, Imaging Products, ndi Doug Malchow, Mtsogoleri, Commercial Business Development ku SUI (Sensors Unlimited, Inc.), gawo la Goodrich Corporation, Princeton, NJ.
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Nthawi Yowonjezera: Apr-01-2022
